You probably know this: the ‘dd’ command wants the output partitions to be identical in size to the input ones.
If the output SD card is of larger capacity than the input card the standard advice is to use ‘gparted’ to create partitions on the output card that are identical in size to the input ones, then run ‘dd’, then go back to ‘gparted’ and enlarge the output partitions to use the rest of the card’s capacity (if you want).