Follow the advice given here. As you are stuck on a fresh installation anyway, you might as well add the w option.
To do that, you need to plug the microSD card into your computer with working Linux on it. If you only have Windows available use Rufus, format the stick while ticking on the “Check bad blocks” option under Advanced Options.
That said, I do not see a Raspberry Pi version here. Did you get a Raspberry Pi image of Kali Linux or did you just use the armhf version? The armhf version is not always compatible with Raspberry Pi, especially the armhf respositories. You should check up on that, as well.