Pretty sure I posted this in another thread here on ItsFOSS, but I will give you my instructions used numerous times on my Surface Pro 7.
I have the one with only 4 gb RAM and it came with W10, but after it upgraded to 11, forget it. It would take 10 min upon boot to even be able to use it. So I did the research and here are the different distros I have succesfully installed over the past year and most importantly: you have to install the linux-surface-kernel on Github. That is if you want your touchscreen & pen to work.
First, I installed the ones I had on my desktops, Linux Mint, Kubuntu, etc. and did not like them. For such a small viewing screen, it just did not work as the icons were so tiny that I could not make them out, even with scaling.
Next, I installed Pop OS 22.04. This was one of the best as it uses the Gnome environment, which is reported to be the best for tablets with touchscreen. It ran smoothly, quickly and I was able to figure out how to do things very easily. I installed the linux surface kernel and that gave me touch screen, on screen keyboard, auto rotate as well as using my pen (not a MS pen; aftermarket pen) in taking notes: I used Xournal++ and Saber.
I later even installed Fedora 39 and had no issues, same results as Pop, except: a) I could never get the GUI to do the udpates. No big deal for me, as I use the CLI; and, b)maybe due to the above, but even in terminal I could not upgrade to Fedora 40. Since I was going to have to do a fresh install anyway, I just went back to Pop 22.04, especially since 24.04 is out, but I am not installing it till Cosmic is fixed.
So here are my instructions:
This is great once you have any Linux installed:
In order to get into BIOS with new UEFI in W11, you can type in Linux:
sudo systemctl reboot --firmware-setup
Now, once you have your flash drive with Linux on it, boot as below. I have never had an issue with the volume- UNLESS, I did not first power all the way down. Then it often would do nothing, unless I held it a loooong time. So completely power down first.
To boot from usb:
Power off
Insert USB flash drive
Hold Volume Down rocker while holding power (don’t be afraid to keep holding until you see the Windows icon center of screen & because I disabled secure boot, there is a red bar with an unlocked icon across the top).
From there, the only issue is installing on such a small screen, but hopefully your eyesight is better than mine.
Here are the links for the surface kernel:
Setup instructions
Linux-Surface-kernel
Read thru the wiki completely so that you do not start running things in terminal that you do not need (i.e., do you have secure-boot enabled, are you encrypting the disk, etc.) There were things the author said to skip if it did not apply to you.
Then proceed with the instructions for your Linux distro. I used Debian/Ubuntu for Pop OS.
I read articles before ever starting that I used the instructions and I ended up with a non working touchscreen/pen. So my final results that worked are what I have documented here.
If you run into issues, feel free to come back and ask for help. I now have this Surface installation down to a science and can do it without looking at my notes.
Good luck!
Sheila Flangan