I think we are out of ideas with kernel parameters
As a last ditch you might try intel_iommu=off
It is about intel graphics cards, but it fixed my disk detection issue so maybe it will help with your ports?
Failing that, I think we go back to version issues with modules.
Fedora is more uptodate than Debian, so it will have newer versions of some modules.
You can get a more uptodate Debian by going to Debian testing.
Would you be able to try a Debian testing live flash drive?