Cross-reference of Windows (or Mac) apps/programs with best Linux Substitutes

My CPU is fairly recent - dual core Apollo Lake J3355. Not the power horse, but with 10 Watt TDP it is very efficient and powerful enough for my usage (mostly Internet browsing and Home Theater - HTPC). I am trying to make everything functional and efficient and use my bicycle instead of a car when I need to buy a loaf of bread at a grocery store. I choose my hardware, OS and software according to this principle. It must be tough to do programming on an old single core CPU, since compiling takes a lot of CPU power.
Regards,
Deby