Thats why we created the Pennines keep everyone out.
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So did the French create the Alps for the same reason?
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Yes And the spanish built the Pyrenees
All copies of the Yorkshire idea
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Could it perhaps be that people originally settled in valleys, so mountains became a divide.?
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I must say I was impressed. Seeing such a historical landmark that I had only seen on TV.
3 Likes
Read Fred Hoyle āOn Stonehengeā
Cheaper on abebooks
3 Likes
Good idea, but we built our mountain to keep Lancashire people out.
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So Britain used to be āflat earthā until you Yorkies dug it up?
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Slight correction
When the men from Yorkshire created the worldā¦ and someone said let there be light. The Yorkshire men said who is paying the bloody electricity bill.
2 Likes
back to topic 
Iāve reinstalled FreeBSD 15.0 with ZFS filesystem. Hereās how it looks after automatic install with USB .iso:
pete@FreeBSD:~ $ df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Capacity Mounted on
zroot/ROOT/default 229G 4.8G 224G 2% /
devfs 1.0K 0B 1.0K 0% /dev
/dev/gpt/efiboot0 256M 1.3M 255M 0% /boot/efi
procfs 8.0K 0B 8.0K 0% /proc
zroot/var/log 224G 304K 224G 0% /var/log
zroot/tmp 224G 5.2M 224G 0% /tmp
zroot 224G 96K 224G 0% /zroot
zroot/home 224G 96K 224G 0% /home
zroot/var/audit 224G 96K 224G 0% /var/audit
zroot/usr/src 224G 96K 224G 0% /usr/src
zroot/var/mail 224G 136K 224G 0% /var/mail
zroot/var/crash 224G 96K 224G 0% /var/crash
zroot/var/tmp 224G 96K 224G 0% /var/tmp
zroot/usr/ports 224G 96K 224G 0% /usr/ports
zroot/home/pete 224G 72M 224G 0% /home/pete
I have only one SSD disk for this so no RAID. Need to learn how to make snapshots. I have tried the Btrfs on Linux earlier but will read about ZFS next. Any ideas how to proceed?
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My first reaction is alarm. ā¦ it frightens me having to learn about all those partitions. Telling me they are not real partitions but just something logical within zfs does not calm me. A lot of it is fear of the unknown ā¦ I am sure it could be made to work.
You shall find out if it has any advantages.
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This is my hobby computer so no need to worry! Learning experience to zfs
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I use FreeBSD a tiny bit more than Linux, and must say, even on my low-spec computer, it runs smoothly. I feel it gives you more control than Linux (compiling with ports) and itās way more conpatible witj my devices. Sreongly recommend anyone to try it.
4 Likes
You would like Gentoo (if you havenāt already tried it)! I find ports too complicated compared to Gentooās portage. With Gentoo you have USE flags but with FreeBSDās ports you need to select/deselect all during builds. I use pkg with FreeBSD .
Btw, made my first snapshot. Now Iāll wait for some updates and the I try to roll back to see if it works
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Well on the other side, I find gentoo pretty problematic. With ports, I just can use menuconfig. With Gentoo, with USE flags, I can break my system (fun fact: has happened on ALL my installations! due to conflicting use flags). But the worst thing about ports is the sizeā¦ Created a dummy 100GB disk and installed. Latest git commit is totally sized 21.2GB. I think there should be an option to individually check out categories. For example, I have deleted games, and it always appears after git pull. Gentoo does that better, but I think there should also be an option to use gmake / bmake instead of ebuild in the repo.
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I have never broke my Gentoo installs. I have it on all my computers. I donāt use global ~amd64 on my make.conf and only enable guru (never any others) on some of my machines. I have only few use flags (and - flags) on my make.conf and use more /etc/portage/package.use/<package_name> for the special flags for that one package. Hereās my laptopās make.conf:
āā[pete@gentoo]ā[~]
āāāā¼ cat /etc/portage/make.conf
# These settings were set by the catalyst build script that automatically
# built this stage.
# Please consult /usr/share/portage/config/make.conf.example for a more
# detailed example.
WARNING_FLAGS="-Werror=odr -Werror=lto-type-mismatch -Werror=strict-aliasing"
COMMON_FLAGS="-O2 -pipe -march=x86-64-v3 -flto ${WARNING_FLAGS}"
CFLAGS="${COMMON_FLAGS}"
CXXFLAGS="${COMMON_FLAGS}"
FCFLAGS="${COMMON_FLAGS}"
FFLAGS="${COMMON_FLAGS}"
FEATURES="${FEATURES} getbinpkg"
FEATURES="${FEATURES} binpkg-request-signature"
FEATURES="candy parallel-fetch parallel-install -merge-wait unmerge-orphans"
# NOTE: This stage was built with the bindist Use flag enabled
MAKEOPTS="-j7 -l6"
EMERGE_DEFAULT_OPTS="-avg --keep-going --jobs 7"
USE="X wayland lto elogind udev xorg wireless bluetooth cups acl policykit dbus -ipv6 -dvd -dvdr -cdr -kde -plasma -gnome -gnome-online-accounts -selinux -ios -ipod -thunderbolt"
USE="${USE} networkmanager"
PORTAGE_SCHEDULING_POLICY="idle"
ACCEPT_LICENSE="*"
INPUT_DEVICES="libinput synaptics"
VIDEO_CARDS="intel"
GRUB_PLATFORMS="efi-64"
LINGUAS="en"
L10N="en-GB"
CPU_FLAGS_X86="aes avx avx2 f16c fma3 mmx mmxext pclmul popcnt rdrand sse sse2 sse3 sse4_1 sse4_2 ssse3"
# This sets the language of build output to English.
# Please keep this setting intact when reporting bugs.
LC_MESSAGES=C.utf8
GRUB_PLATFORMS="efi-64"
and I have some extra flags for these packages:
āā[pete@gentoo]ā[~]
āāāā¼ ls /etc/portage/package.use/
00cpu-flags clutter dhcpcd-ui gcc libsdl2 openrc polkit qt5compat sddm swaybg virt-manager waybar
cinnamon cups dnsmasq gnome-boxes mesa openvpn pulseaudio qtbase spice sys-kernel virtualbox xdg-desktop-portal-hyprland
cinnamon-control-center cups-meta elogind installkernel mpv pipewire qemu samba sway thunderbird virtualbox-modules
as you can see I havenāt cleaned all the package.use flags (like Hyprland, Iām using Sway atm) but itās just me being lazy.
This is totally my opinion and I value yours!
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Iām not 100% sure why it does it this way - but mineās similar - thatās GhostBSD in a QEMU / KVM guest :
x@daphnis ~> df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Capacity Mounted on
zroot/ROOT/default 40G 4.8G 35G 12% /
devfs 1.0K 0B 1.0K 0% /dev
procfs 8.0K 0B 8.0K 0% /proc
linprocfs 8.0K 0B 8.0K 0% /compat/linux/proc
tmpfs 9.1G 4.0K 9.1G 0% /tmp
linsysfs 8.0K 0B 8.0K 0% /compat/linux/sys
fdescfs 1.0K 0B 1.0K 0% /dev/fd
zroot/home 36G 1.1G 35G 3% /home
zroot/var/audit 35G 96K 35G 0% /var/audit
zroot/var/mail 35G 108K 35G 0% /var/mail
zroot/tmp 35G 144K 35G 0% /tmp
zroot/var/tmp 35G 96K 35G 0% /var/tmp
zroot/var/log 35G 384K 35G 0% /var/log
zroot/var/crash 35G 96K 35G 0% /var/crash
zroot/usr/ports 35G 96K 35G 0% /usr/ports
devfs 1.0K 0B 1.0K 0% /compat/linux/dev
fdescfs 1.0K 0B 1.0K 0% /compat/linux/dev/fd
tmpfs 9.1G 4.0K 9.1G 0% /compat/linux/dev/shm
baphomet.local:/mnt/BARGEARSE 10T 9.1T 1.3T 87% /mnt/BARGEARSE
Seems to use a fair bit less disk space than a recent Debian or Ubuntu installā¦ e.g. I have Debian 13 with Gnome installed in a VM and itās using 13 GB for ā/āā¦
I have a basic understanding of those zfs āsetsā or ādatasetsā (I think thatās the terminology - I also have a Solaris 11.4 (x86) VM - and it also has multiple datasets :
x@slowlardarse00:~$ df -h
Filesystem Size Used Available Capacity Mounted on
rpool/ROOT/solaris 19G 2.7G 10G 21% /
rpool/ROOT/solaris/var
19G 315M 10G 3% /var
/devices 0K 0K 0K 0% /devices
/dev 0K 0K 0K 0% /dev
ctfs 0K 0K 0K 0% /system/contract
proc 0K 0K 0K 0% /proc
mnttab 0K 0K 0K 0% /etc/mnttab
swap 8.2G 6.5M 8.2G 1% /system/volatile
swap 8.2G 4K 8.2G 1% /tmp
objfs 0K 0K 0K 0% /system/object
sharefs 0K 0K 0K 0% /etc/dfs/sharetab
fd 0K 0K 0K 0% /dev/fd
/usr/lib/libc/libc_hwcap2.so.1
13G 2.7G 10G 21% /lib/libc.so.1
rpool/VARSHARE 19G 2.7M 10G 1% /var/share
rpool/VARSHARE/tmp 19G 31K 10G 1% /var/tmp
rpool/VARSHARE/kvol 19G 31K 10G 1% /var/share/kvol
rpool/VARSHARE/zones 19G 31K 10G 1% /system/zones
rpool/export 19G 32K 10G 1% /export
rpool/export/home 19G 32K 10G 1% /export/home
rpool/export/home/x 19G 36K 10G 1% /export/home/x
rpool 19G 4.3M 10G 1% /rpool
rpool/VARSHARE/pkg 19G 32K 10G 1% /var/share/pkg
rpool/VARSHARE/sstore
19G 1.2M 10G 1% /var/share/sstore/repo
rpool/VARSHARE/pkg/repositories
19G 31K 10G 1% /var/share/pkg/repositories
/dev/dsk/c1t1d0s2 707M 707M 0K 100% /media/Oracle_Solaris-11_4-Text-X86
Making the ā/ā ZFS - i.e. ārpoolā a mirror pair was as simple as :
zpool attach rpool c2d0 c2d1
And now :
root@slowlardarse00:~# zpool status
pool: rpool
state: ONLINE
scan: resilvered 7.03G in 1m03s with 0 errors on Sun Dec 28 12:24:09 2025
config:
NAME STATE READ WRITE CKSUM
rpool ONLINE 0 0 0
mirror-0 ONLINE 0 0 0
c2d0 ONLINE 0 0 0
c2d1 ONLINE 0 0 0
errors: No known data errors
4 Likes